Handwriting is a learned, largely automatic skill. Every writer develops a combination of habits (letter forms, proportions, connections, pen pressure, speed and rhythm) that is very difficult for another person to reproduce consistently. A forensic handwriting examination compares these features in the questioned writing with the same features in known writing of the person concerned.
Signatures are examined in the same way. A simulated (copied) signature often shows slow, hesitant line quality, blunt starts and stops, pen lifts in unusual places or tremor, even when the overall shape looks right. A traced signature can leave guide lines or indentations. A genuine signature, by contrast, is usually written fluently and shows natural variation.
What we examine
- Questioned signatures against known specimen signatures
- Questioned handwriting, including block capitals and numerals
- Anonymous and threatening letters
- Disguised and self-disguised writing
- Simulated (copied) and traced signatures
- Whether two or more documents were written by the same person
Typical matters
- Disputed wills, codicils and estate documents
- Contracts, deeds of sale, suretyships and lease agreements
- Cheques, debit orders and banking mandates
- Affidavits, statements and medical records
- Employment, HR and disciplinary documents
- Insurance claim forms and declarations
What we need from you
- The questioned document, ideally the original
- Known verified specimen signatures or handwriting, preferably written around the same time as the questioned item
- As many specimens as possible: ten or more signatures from everyday documents is a good start
- Background on the matter and the specific question you need answered
Scans first, originals later. You can send high-resolution scans through oursecure upload page for a first assessment and a quotation. Please keep the originals safe, flat and unmarked until we arrange secure delivery.
Questions
Can a signature be examined from a copy or a scan?
A preliminary opinion is often possible from a good-quality scan, and we welcome scans for a first assessment. Features such as pen pressure, line quality and indentations are best assessed on the original, so a final opinion on a copy may be limited and will say so.
Is this the same as graphology?
No. Graphology claims to read personality from handwriting and is not accepted as evidence in court. Forensic handwriting examination is a comparative, scientific discipline that identifies the writer or tests the genuineness of writing and signatures.