Office documents are produced by printers, photocopiers and fax machines, and are often authenticated with a rubber or self-inking stamp. Each process leaves characteristic features that can be examined under magnification.
We examine whether documents were produced by the same printing process, whether a photocopy shows signs of cut-and-paste manipulation, and whether a stamp impression was made by a specific stamp or is a printed or computer-generated imitation.
What we examine
- Documents produced by computer printers, photocopiers and fax machines
- Identification of the printing process used
- Cut-and-paste and composite photocopies
- Stamp impressions compared with a seized or known stamp
- Genuine stamp impressions compared with imitations
Typical matters
- Fraudulent letters of authority, invoices and quotations
- Commissioner of oaths and official stamps
- Company letterheads and certificates
- Disputed contract pages and annexures
What we need from you
- The questioned documents, ideally originals
- Known genuine documents for comparison, from the same period if possible
- The stamp or stamps in question, where available
Scans first, originals later. You can send high-resolution scans through oursecure upload page for a first assessment and a quotation. Please keep the originals safe, flat and unmarked until we arrange secure delivery.
Questions
Can you tell which printer printed a document?
Printing process and class characteristics can usually be determined. Linking a document to one specific machine depends on the presence of individual defects and on the availability of comparison samples from that machine.